27, 25, 13
Supplies the variable-by-variable gas exchange table that Chapter 27 §27.1 adapts: diffusion gradient and membrane surface area affect both gases; sweep gas oxygen fraction and blood flow affect oxygenation and NOT carbon dioxide elimination; sweep gas flow rate affects carbon dioxide elimination and NOT oxygenation.
Also supplies: carbon dioxide diffuses faster than oxygen because it is more soluble and transfers approximately ten times more efficiently, sometimes necessitating carbon dioxide-enriched fresh gas to prevent hypocapnia; oxygenation rises with blood flow only up to the point at which transit time becomes too short; circuit components chosen for at least 50–75 mL/kg/min in adults (against 80 for paediatric and 100 for neonatal patients).
The membrane malfunction rule, used in Chapter 27 §27.11: a comparison of pre- and post-oxygenator samples should show a rise in oxygen tension and a fall in carbon dioxide tension. If that change is not seen, membrane malfunction should be suspected.
BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTE: this article was returned twice in the search record under two different identifiers — the plain DOI and a compound form ending @10.1155/8086.si.571070 — with identical text. The discrepancy is recorded and the plain identifier is used.
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