Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a multicenter observational study (Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Zhang G, You X, Dong Y, Hu D, Sun H, Li W, Chen X)

36, 55

GI bleeding on VA ECMO is common and associated with death; patients on CRRT or with raised baseline INR are at higher risk.

No GI bleeding (stabilised IPTW)

DOI 10.1186/s12876-026-04991-3; PMID 42351017; PMC13343996

Exposure: GI bleeding; LASSO/logistic prediction model

Two centres, small external cohort (10 events), abstract only read.

GI bleeding 17.8% (62/349) and 12.0% (10/83). After SIPTW, GI bleeding associated with higher 28-day mortality HR 2.25 (1.67-3.05). Independent predictors: CRRT, baseline INR, baseline calcium. AUC 0.797 training, 0.803 internal validation, 0.753 (0.531-0.976) external.

VA ECMO patients: analysis cohort 349 (Nanjing, 2017-2023); external validation 83 (Suqian, 2022-2024). BMC Gastroenterol 2026;26(1).