26, 15, 16, 18
35-section review in a cardiac imaging journal, written for advanced imagers. Supplies to Chapter 26: the dual-lumen device table (Avalon, Crescent MC3, ProtekDuo) with sizes, sites and target positions; the VA ECMO distension findings (absent aortic valve opening, dilated impaired LV, systolic and diastolic mitral regurgitation, spontaneous echo contrast); the statement that LV chamber size is an INSENSITIVE indicator of distension because the end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship is non-linear inside an intact pericardium; paired imaging documenting worsening of aortic regurgitation after initiation of peripheral VA ECMO; colour Doppler in the descending aorta to locate the mixing zone, paired with the observation that a narrow pulse pressure puts the watershed closer to the aortic root; the air-entrainment warning during circuit reconfiguration; the point that TTE may image the LV apex better than TEE; and the statement that there are no recognised echocardiography protocols for weaning of VA ECMO.
Carries the chapter's single most consequential unverified figure: the Kim cohort in which 30% of patients who could NOT be weaned met all three standard criteria while only 16% of those successfully weaned met all three — reported here exactly as this review reports it, primary paper not retrieved, labelled VERIFICATION REQUIRED in Chapter 26 §26.12.
Read as indexed full-text passages. DOI not independently resolved.