23, 24, 74
The single most important cohort in the field: it reproduces the multimodal rule in a system that did not withdraw treatment, so the rule is not purely an artefact of the self-fulfilling prophecy. The 68 patients alive in a vegetative state are the outcome a withdrawing system never generates.
Six-month neurological outcome
[VERIFICATION REQUIRED] - DOI/PMID not confirmed
Multimodal prognostication within 24 hours - evoked potentials, grey-to-white matter ratio, electroencephalography
Single national practice pattern, no ECMO patients, known here only through a structured abstract. [VERIFICATION REQUIRED]
223 of 346 (64%) had a poor outcome, of whom 68 were alive in a persistent vegetative state. At 100% specificity within 24 hours: evoked potentials sensitivity 57.4%, grey-white matter ratio under 1.21 sensitivity 48.8%, isoelectric or burst-suppression electroencephalogram 34.5%. At least one unfavourable pattern in 74.4%, two in 49.7%, all three in 17%.
346 of 396 comatose adults after cardiac arrest, seven hospitals, in a system where life-sustaining treatment was not withdrawn